詳盡介紹各種籃球專有名詞術語，先用英語介紹，再給我完整繁體中文翻譯
好的，這是一份詳盡的籃球專有名詞術語指南，從基礎到進階，涵蓋場上各面向。
English Version:
A Comprehensive Guide to Basketball Terminology Basketball has a rich vocabulary that describes everything from the court to complex actions. Here is a detailed breakdown.
I. The Court & Equipment
The Court: The playing surface.
Basket / Hoop: The goal, consisting of the rim (the metal circle) and the net.
Backboard: The glass or board the hoop is attached to.
Key / Paint: The rectangular area in front of the basket. It's called the "paint" because it's often painted a different color.
Free Throw Line: The line from which players shoot after a foul.
Three-Point Line: The arc that separates two-point and three-point scoring areas.
Sideline / Baseline: The boundary lines on the sides and ends of the court, respectively.
Half-Court Line: The line dividing the court into two halves.
II. Player Positions
Point Guard (PG): The "floor general," responsible for ball-handling and setting up the offense.
Shooting Guard (SG): A primary scorer, often from the perimeter.
Small Forward (SF): A versatile player who can score, rebound, and defend.
Power Forward (PF): A strong interior player who rebounds and scores near the basket.
Center (C): Usually the tallest player, responsible for rebounding, shot-blocking, and close-range scoring.
III. Offensive Terms
A.
Actions:
Dribble: Bouncing the ball continuously to move.
Pass: Throwing the ball to a teammate.
Types include:
Chest Pass Bounce Pass Overhead Pass Outlet Pass: A long pass after a rebound to start a fast break.
Shot: Attempting to score.
Types include:
Jump Shot Layup: A close-range shot off the backboard.
Dunk / Slam Dunk: Forcefully throwing the ball down through the hoop.
Hook Shot: A one-handed shot with a sweeping motion, often by a center.
Fadeaway: A jump shot taken while moving backward away from the defender.
Screen / Pick: A legal block set by an offensive player to free a teammate.
Cut: A quick movement without the ball to get open.
Drive: Dribbling aggressively toward the basket.
Post Up: Establishing a position in the low post (near the basket) with your back to the basket.
B.
Concepts & Plays:
Pick-and-Roll (PnR): A two-man play involving a screen and a roll to the basket.
Give-and-Go: A pass followed by an immediate cut to the basket.
Isolation (Iso): Clearing out to let a player go one-on-one.
Fast Break: A quick offensive transition before the defense sets up.
Motion Offense: An offense based on constant player movement, cutting, and passing.
Assist: A pass that leads directly to a made basket.
Rebound (Offensive/Defensive): Gaining possession of a missed shot.
Turnover: Losing possession of the ball to the other team (e.g., via a steal, bad pass, violation).
IV. Defensive Terms
A. Actions:
Steal: Taking the ball away from an offensive player.
Block / Rejection: Deflecting a shot attempt, preventing it from reaching the basket.
Box Out: Positioning yourself between an opponent and the basket to secure a rebound.
B. Concepts & Schemes:
Man-to-Man Defense: Each defender guards a specific player.
Zone Defense: Defenders guard an area of the court.
Common zones: 2-3 Zone, 3-2 Zone.
Press: Applying defensive pressure full-court or half-court.
Double Team: Two defenders trapping the ball-handler.
Help Defense: A defender leaving their assigned player to stop a drive or threat.
Switch: Exchanging defensive assignments on a screen.
V. Violations & Fouls
A. Violations (Result in a turnover):
Traveling: Taking too many steps without dribbling.
Double Dribble: Dribbling with two hands simultaneously or stopping and restarting your dribble.
Carrying / Palming: Letting the ball come to rest in your hand while dribbling.
Shot Clock Violation: Failing to attempt a shot that hits the rim before the shot clock expires.
Backcourt Violation: The offensive team illegally returns the ball to the backcourt after crossing the half-court line.
Goaltending: Interfering with a shot on its downward arc or while it's over the rim. The shot is counted as made.
Lane Violation: A player enters the key during a free throw too early.
B. Fouls (Result in free throws or possession):
Personal Foul: Illegal physical contact against an opponent.
Shooting Foul: A foul on a player in the act of shooting.
Reaching Foul: Illegal contact by a defender reaching in.
Charging: An offensive foul where a player with the ball illegally charges into a stationary defender.
Blocking: A defensive foul where a defender illegally impedes the progress of an offensive player.
Technical Foul: A foul for unsportsmanlike conduct, not involving physical contact. The opposing team gets free throws and possession.
Flagrant Foul: A severe, excessive foul involving violent contact. Can result in ejection.
VI. Statistics (Stats)
PTS: Points
REB: Rebounds
AST: Assists
STL: Steals
BLK: Blocks
TO: Turnovers
FG%: Field Goal Percentage
3P%: Three-Point Percentage
FT%: Free Throw Percentage
Double-Double: Achieving double-digits in two statistical categories (e.g., 10+ points and 10+ rebounds).
Triple-Double: Achieving double-digits in three statistical categories.
VII. Common Slang & Informal Terms
And One: Scoring a basket despite being fouled, earning a free throw.
Alley-oop: A pass thrown near the basket for a teammate to catch in mid-air and score immediately (usually with a dunk).
Swish: A shot that goes through the net without touching the rim.
Nothing But Net: Same as "swish."
Dagger: A clutch shot that effectively seals the victory.
Ankle-Breaker: A dribble move that causes the defender to fall or stumble.
Splash: A made three-pointer (popularized by Stephen Curry).
Board: Short for rebound. "Crash the boards" means to aggressively go for rebounds.
Dish: A clever or flashy assist.
The Rock / The Pill: The basketball.
繁體中文翻譯：
籃球專有名詞術語詳盡指南
籃球擁有豐富的詞彙，用於描述從球場到複雜動作等一切事物。以下是一份詳細的分類說明。
一、球場與裝備
球場： 比賽場地。
籃框： 目標，由籃圈（金屬圓環）和籃網組成。
籃板： 籃框所依附的玻璃或板子。
禁區： 籃框前的長方形區域。之所以稱為「油漆區」，是因為該區域通常被漆成不同顏色。
罰球線： 犯規後球員進行投籃的線。
三分線： 區分兩分和三分得分區域的弧線。
邊線 / 底線： 分別指球場兩側和兩端的界線。
中場線： 將球場分為兩半的線。
二、球員位置
控球後衛： 「場上指揮官」，負責控球和組織進攻。
得分後衛： 主要得分手，通常從外線出手。
小前鋒： 全能型球員，能夠得分、搶籃板和防守。
大前鋒： 強壯的內線球員，負責在籃筐附近搶籃板和得分。
中鋒： 通常是最高的球員，負責籃板、阻攻和近距離得分。
三、進攻術語
A. 動作：
運球： 持續拍球以移動。
傳球： 將球傳給隊友。類型包括： 胸前傳球 地板傳球 過頂傳球
長傳： 搶到籃板後，為發動快攻而傳出的長距離傳球。
投籃： 嘗試得分。類型包括：
跳投 上籃： 靠近籃框，利用籃板進行的投籃。
灌籃： 用力將球砸進籃框。
勾射： 以手臂掃動的方式進行單手投籃，通常由中鋒使用。
後仰跳投： 向遠離防守者的方向後跳並投籃。
掩護： 進攻球員為讓隊友擺脫防守而設立的合法阻擋。
切入： 無球狀態下的快速移動，以獲得空檔。
切入/突破： 積極地運球朝向籃框。
背框單打： 在低位（靠近籃框處）建立位置，背對籃框。
B. 概念與戰術：
擋拆戰術： 涉及掩護和滾向籃框的兩人配合。
傳切搭配： 傳球後立即切入籃框。
孤立單打： 清開場地，讓一名球員進行一對一單打。
快攻： 在防守方佈陣之前，快速的攻防轉換。
動位進攻： 基於不斷的球員移動、切入和傳球的進攻體系。
助攻： 直接導致得分的傳球。
籃板球（進攻/防守）： 搶到未投進的球權。
失誤： 將球權丟失給對方（例如，被抄截、傳球失誤、違例）。
四、防守術語
A. 動作：
抄截： 從進攻球員手中奪走球。
阻攻 / 蓋火鍋： 擋開投籃嘗試，阻止球到達籃框。
卡位： 將自己置於對手和籃框之間的位置，以確保搶到籃板。
B. 概念與陣式：
人盯人防守： 每名防守者看守一名特定的球員。
區域聯防： 防守者負責球場的一個區域。
常見陣型：
2-3 區域聯防、
3-2 區域聯防。
壓迫防守： 在全場或半場施加防守壓力。
雙人包夾： 兩名防守者包夾持球者。
協防： 防守者離開其看守的球員，去阻止切入或威脅。
換防： 在掩護發生時交換防守任務。
五、違例與犯規
A. 違例（導致球權轉換）：
走步： 未運球的情況下移動過多步數。
二次運球： 同時用雙手運球，或停止運球後又重新開始運球。
翻球 / 攜球走步： 運球時讓球在手中停頓。
進攻時間違例： 在進攻時間結束前未能完成觸及籃框的投籃嘗試。
回場違例： 進攻隊在球已過中場線後，非法地將球傳回後場。
妨礙中籃 / 干擾球： 在投籃球下墜時或仍在籃圈正上方時干擾。該次投籃算得分。
罰球線違例： 球員在罰球時過早進入禁區。
B. 犯規（導致罰球或球權）：
個人犯規： 對對手進行的非法身體接觸。
投籃犯規： 對正在投籃動作中的球員犯規。
打手犯規： 防守者伸手抄球造成的非法接觸。
帶球撞人： 持球進攻球員非法衝撞已站定位的防守者。
阻擋犯規： 防守者非法阻擋進攻球員的前進。
技術犯規： 因非體育道德行為而判的犯規，不涉及身體接觸。對方球隊獲得罰球和球權。
惡意犯規： 涉及暴力接觸的嚴重、過度犯規。可能導致驅逐出場。
六、統計數據
得分
籃板
助攻
抄截
阻攻
失誤
投籃命中率
三分球命中率
罰球命中率
雙十： 在兩項統計數據中達到雙位數（例如，10+分和10+籃板）。
大三元： 在三項統計數據中達到雙位數。
七、常見俚語與非正式用語
小上加一： 在被犯規的情況下仍投進球，獲得加罰一次機會。
空中接力： 將球傳向籃框附近，讓隊友在空中接球后立即得分（通常是灌籃）。
空心球： 投籃直接穿過籃網，未觸及籃框。
應聲入網： 同「空心球」。
致命一擊： 鎖定勝局的關鍵投籃。
腳踝終結者： 導致防守者跌倒或踉蹌的運球動作。
水花： 投進一記三分球（因史蒂芬·柯瑞而流行）。
籃板： "Crash the boards" 意指積極爭搶籃板球。
妙傳： 聰明或華麗的助攻。
那顆球： 籃球。
